Wednesday, July 20, 2016

Alstonia scholaris, Saptaparni, Edakula chettu, Devil tree, Dita, pur vok koong, basong, gite





Alstonia scholaris  (Llnn.) R. Br.
Family: Apocynaceae

  • Sanskrit : Saptacchada, Saptaparni
  • Assamese : Chatiyan
  • Bengali : Chatin, ছাতিম, Chatwan,
  • Chinese: 九度叶
  • English : Devil tree, Dita
  • Gujrati   : Saptaparna, સપ્તપર્ણી, Satvana
  • Hindi     : Chhativan, Satawana, Shaitan ka jat शैतान का झाड़
  • Kannada : Maddale, Hale, Eleyalaga,
  • Kashmiri : Kath
  • Malayalam : Daivaphal, Ezilampala, ഏഴിലം‌പാല
  • Marathi : Satveen सातविण
  • Oriya    : Chbatiana, Chatiana
  • Punjabi : Sathi, Satanna
  • Tamil    : Ezilampalai, ஏழிலைப்பாலை, Mukkampalai முகும்பலை
  • Telugu   : Edaakula Ponna, ఏడాకుల చెట్టు
  • French: arbre à lait
  • Burma (Myanmar): lettok, taung meok
  • China: tang jiao shu, xiang pi mu
  • Indonesia: njau lutungpulai, pule, rite
  • Lepcha: pur vok koong
  • Malayan  names:  basong,  geceh,  kacau  gitik,  petai  agong, pulai, pulai basong, rejang, rutih
  • Nepal: chatiwan, chhatiwan, chition, palimara
  • Papua New Guinea: budo, herina, hibom, jijima, kambu, kambuu, katung, puto, sipuel, watsil, zopang
  • Philippines:  alipauen,  alipauin,  andarayan,  dalipaoen, dalipauen, dilupaon, dirita, dita, lipauen, tanitan
  • Sarawak: gite, pelai
  • Thailand: gah bo, hassaban, sattaban, tin pet
  • Tibet: lo ma bdun
  • Vietnam: co tin pat, may man, mo cua, m[of] cua, mua cua, sura, s[uwx]a, Hoa sữa

Ayurvedic uses: sula, Gulma, Jvara, Krimiroga, Kustha, Saandrameha (API, Volume-1)

Antimalarial, hypotensive, anthelmintic (Medicinal Plants Kerala Ag Uni)

Bark—febrifuge, antiperiodic, spasmolytic, antidysenteric, uterine stimulant, hypotensive; used for internal fevers. [Indian Medicinal Plants  as Illustrated Dictionary]

Used in Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha. Indole alkaloids from the leaves, stem and bark. Molluscicidal, anthelmintic, cytotoxic, antiseptic, tonic, antibacterial, bronchodilatory, emmenagogue, antidysenteric, astringent, anticholeric and vulnerary. Raw leaf juice applied to kill head lice; roots insect repellent. Bark and leaves used to treat headache, influenza, diarrhea, dysentery, bronchitis, arthritis, fever and pneumonia; leaves and bark decoction given in dysentery. Bark bitter, febrifuge, tonic, antidote, antiperiodic, used in malaria and diarrhea, dysentery, rheumatism, snakebite, cold and bronchitis; dry powdered bark with bark of Tabernaemontana divaricata given in consumptive fever; bark paste applied for skin diseases and chest pain; bark extract with Cuscuta reflexa and bark of Rhamnus napalensis given to kill intestinal worms; bark decoction drunk to treat genital troubles in men; bark decoction with bark of Flacourtia jangomas, seeds of Luffa aegyptiaca and rootstock of Momordica cochinchinensis given in asthma; powdered stem bark with cow milk given in gonorrhea; infusion of bark and leaves of Mallotus roxburghianus with bark of Alstonia scholaris drunk for hypertension. Latex applied to ulcers, ulceration of mouth, open sores, rheumatic pains; gum taken with sugar for dysentery. Bark sap said to induce abortion; sap mixed with hot water and the suspension drunk to treat malaria; leaves chewed as an oral contraceptive. Seeds pounded with ginger and applied on painful swelling of scrotum. Ceremonial, plant very sacred, worship tree, abode of spirits, stone-gods consecrate on the bottom of the trunks; rain-making through sacrifices in the sacred forest; leafy branch held in hand at the time of religious ceremonies; the souls of forefathers supposed to take rest on this tree after the death. Veterinary medicine, crushed leaves juice applied or dropped on wounds and sores, leaves and bark decoction given in dysentery; crushed stem bark given to cure diarrhea. [CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants]
The bark is  useful in fevers,  malaria fever,  diarrhoea,  dyspepsia,  leprosy, skin  diseases,  foul  ulcer  and  asthma. [Herbal Cures: Traditional Approach]

Bark: in colic pain; Some Parts of India plant is used in the treatment of leprosy; Twig: hung in the room of the newly confined woman to lessen the activities of evil spirit on the new born. Atharva Veda: preventive and curative of diseases caused by change of season. Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita: good for headache, sores, and some other diseases; Ayurveda: the following uses are recommended: 

Bark: dermal sores, ragging fever, discharge of sperm with urine,  hiccup,  insufficiency  in breast milk,  gout,  cold congestion, dyspepsia; 2.  Latex: caries, pimple, pyorrhoea; 3.  Flower: asthma, respiratory troubles. Unani: Ingredient of 'Kashim'. Homoeopathy:  Malarial  fever,  anaemia,  indigestion, general debility and other stomach ailments. Modern  Use:  Bark: known in commerce as Dita Bark and is used in medicine as bitter, febrifuge and astringent, in treatment of malarial fever, chronic dysentery, diarrhoea and in snake bite; Milky juice: applied to ulcers. [Horticultural, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants]

In Cambodia, the bark is used to promote menses and to treat chronic paludism with the enlargement of the spleen and liver discomfort. In Indonesia, the plant is used to stop diarrhea, treat diabetes and heal hemorrhoids. An infusion of the young leaves is drunk to treat beriberi. The leaf tips roasted with coconut are used to treat stomatitis. In Malaysia, the plant is used to treat malaria. The latex is used to assuage toothache. A decoction of the bark is drunk to combat fever, invigorate the body, stimulate appetite, and treat yaws. In Burma, the latex is used to heal ulcers. In India, the bark is used to promote milk secretion and to treat cancer. In the Philippines, the plant is used internally to combat fever, stop dysentry, heal wounds, and treat epilepsy. In Vietnam, the bark is used to treat chronic malaria with enlarged spleen, while the leaves are used to promote milk secretion. The bark of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. has been used in Western medicine (British Pharmacopoeia,1914) as an antimalarial drug. [Medicinal Plants: Drugs For The Future? ]

Dita is used in many Asian countries as a folk remedy for malaria and fever. Reports conflict on the value of the plant as an anti-malarial, with some researchers churning that an extract from the bark does not have any effect on malaria parasites in vitro. It is possible that reports of cures for malaria were made on the basis of temporary recovery from fever since dita’s alkaloids do have a depressant action on medullary centers - tins action can bring down fever. [Philipnine Medicinal Plants in Common use: Their Phytochemistry & Pharmacology]

138 Published articles of Alstonia scholaris

1.    Effect of total alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris on airway inflammation in rats Zhao, Y.L., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016. 178: p. 258-265.
2.    Antibacterial and Synergistic Activity of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Isolated from Alstonia scholaris Wang, C.M., et al., Molecules, 2016. 21(2).
3.    Antimicrobial kinetics of Alstonia scholaris bark extract-mediated AgNPs Supraja, N., et al., Applied Nanoscience, 2016. 6(5): p. 779-787.
4.    Alstoscholarisines H-J, I.A.f.A.s.S.E.a.B.S.o.A.H.P., Z. Q., et al., Organic Letters, 2016. 18(4): p. 654-657.
5.    Specific allergen immunotherapy attenuates allergic airway inflammation in a rat model of Alstonia scholaris pollen induced airway allergy Datta, A., et al., International Immunopharmacology, 2016. 30: p. 111-120.
6.    Alstorisine A, a.n.-m.i.a.f.c.l.o.A.s.C., Y. Y., et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 2016. 57(16): p. 1754-1757.
7.    Effect of a gall-inducing psylloid, P.a.Y.e.L.H.P.o.d.c.o.A.s.L.R.B.G.A.Y., et al., Turkiye Entomoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Entomology, 2015. 39(4): p. 393-400.
8.    Alstoscholarisines F and G, t.u.m.i.a.f.t.l.o.A.s.Y., X. W., et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 2015. 56(48): p. 6715-6718.
9.    Scholarisines H-O, n.i.a.d.f.l.-t.s.A.s.Y., X. W., et al., Tetrahedron, 2015. 71(22): p. 3694-3698.
10.    Callus culture and in vitro biosynthesis of echitamine from Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br Singh, S.K., et al., Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 2015. 120(1): p. 367-372.
11.    Hypoglycemic Potential of Triterpenes from Alstonia scholaris Ragasa, C.Y., et al., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2015. 49(1): p. 30-33.
12.    Hypoglycemic Potential of Triterpenes from Alstonia scholaris (vol 49, p., 2015) Ragasa, C. Y., et al., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2015. 49(2): p. 144-144.
13.    Hypoglycemic Potential of Triterpenes from Alstonia scholaris (vol 47, p., 2013) Ragasa, C. Y., et al., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2015. 49(2): p. 143-143.
14.    Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids from Inadequately Dried Leaves of Alstonia scholaris Qin, X.J., et al., Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2015. 5(4): p. 185-193.
15.    Indole alkaloids with antibacterial activity from aqueous fraction of Alstonia scholaris Qin, X.J., et al., Tetrahedron, 2015. 71(25): p. 4372-4378.
16.    Antiviral Cystine Knot a-Amylase Inhibitors from Alstonia scholaris Nguyen, Q.T., et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2015. 290(52): p. 31138-31150.
17.    Silica-Based Monolithic Coupled Column for the Simultaneous Determination of Echitamine, N.-b.-D., and Loganetin in Alstonia scholaris by RP-HPLC and Optimization of Extraction Method Maurya, A., R.K. Verma, and S.K. Srivastava, Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies, 2015. 38(5): p. 543-549.
18.    Antibacterial monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris cultivated in temperate zone Liu, L., et al., Fitoterapia, 2015. 105: p. 160-164.
19.    Antihypertensive and Vasorelaxant Effect of Alstonia scholaris Stem Bark Extracts and Fractions Idris, B., et al., International Journal of Pharmacology, 2015. 11(4): p. 327-334.
20.    Mechanisms underlying the antihypertensive effect of Alstonia scholaris Bello, I., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015. 175: p. 422-431.
21.    Evaluation of the Antihypertensive Effect of Alstonia Scholaris Extracts and Elucidation of the Mechanism of Action Bello, I., et al., Public Health Genomics, 2015. 18: p. 48-48.
22.    Alistonitrine A, a.C.M.I.A.f.A.s.Z., G. Y., et al., Organic Letters, 2014. 16(4): p. 1080-1083.
23.    An unusual indole alkaloid with anti-adenovirus and anti-HSV activities from Alstonia scholaris Zhang, L., et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 2014. 55(10): p. 1815-1817.
24.    Alstolactines A-C, n.m.i.a.f.A.s.Y., X. W., et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 2014. 55(33): p. 4593-4596.
25.    The Role of Pentacyclic Triterpenoids in the Allelopathic Effects of Alstonia scholaris Wang, C.M., et al., Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2014. 40(1): p. 90-98.
26.    Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity of Leaves of Alstonia scholaris Linn. RBr., i.S.N.I.D.M.S., O., et al., Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2014. 46: p. S81-S81.
27.    ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS (L.) R.Br.- PLANTED BIOINDICATOR ALONG DIFFERENT ROAD-SIDES OF LAHORE CITY Muhammad, S., et al., Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2014. 46(3): p. 869-873.
28.    Preparative Isolation of Bioenhancer Loganetin from Alstonia scholaris by Fast Centrifugal Partition Chromatography Maurya, A., et al., Separation Science and Technology, 2014. 49(5): p. 773-777.
29.    Alstonia scholaris (L) R. Br. and Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don: A comparative review on traditional uses, p.a.p.K., M. S., D.M. Kasote, and N.P. Vaikos, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2014. 153(1): p. 1-18.
30.    Aerobiological, c., and immunobiochemical studies on Alstonia scholaris pollen from eastern India Hussain, M. M., J. Mandal, and K. Bhattacharya, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014. 186(1): p. 457-467.
31.    Functional Properties of Alstonia scholaris Seed Protein Isolates Dutta, M., S. Laskar, and P. Dutta, Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2014. 26(7): p. 1969-1973.
32.    Ethanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia and Alstonia scholaris show antimicrobial activity towards clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant and carbapenemase-producing bacteria Bonvicini, F., et al., Natural Product Research, 2014. 28(18): p. 1438-1445.
33.    Two new triterpenes from Alstonia scholaris flowers Sultana, N., et al., Natural Product Research, 2013. 27(14): p. 1277-1286.
34.    Use of activated dry flowers (ADF) of Alstonia Scholaris for chromium (Vl) removal: equilibrium, k.a.t.s.S., S. and N.C. Kothiyal, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2013. 20(12): p. 8986-8995.
35.    Application of Chattim tree (devil tree, A.s.s.d.a.a.b.f.r.o.h.c.f.c.w.S., R., et al., Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2013. 91(5): p. 814-821.
36.    Hypoglycemic Potential of Triterpenes from Alstonia scholaris Ragasa, C.Y., et al., Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 2013. 47(1): p. 54-57.
37.    Biotransformation of pentacyclic terpene isolated from Alstonia scholaris (R.BR.) Qazi, M.S., N. Sultana, and M. Kamal, Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, 2013. 31(4): p. 148-152.
38.    A Simple and Reliable HPTLC Method for the Determination of Four Marker Components in the Quality Control of Alstonia scholaris Maurya, A. and S.K. Srivastava, Jpc-Journal of Planar Chromatography-Modern Tlc, 2013. 26(3): p. 254-259.
39.    Feng, L., A.C.o.A.a.T.o.A.s.L.R.B.L.E.I.A.i.C.B.M.a.I.A.i.t.A.C.L., et al., Molecules, 2013. 18(11): p. 13920-13939.
40.    Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Standardization of the Bioactive Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R. Br. Growing in Egypt El-Askary, et al., Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section C-a Journal of Biosciences, 2013. 68(9-10): p. 376-383.
41.    Optimization of Operational Conditions for Batchwise Biosorption of Chromium (VI) Using Chemically Treated Alstonia scholaris Leaves as Biosorbent Rehman, R., et al., Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan, 2012. 34(2): p. 292-298.
42.    Alstonia scholaris R. Br. Significantly Inhibits Retinoid-Induced Skin Irritation In Vitro and In Vivo Lee, S.J., et al., Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012.
43.    Identification of Flavonoids in The Bark of Alstonia Scholaris by High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Mass Spectrometry Jain, R., et al. Chemistry of Phytopotentials: Health, Energy and Environmental Perspectives, ed. L.D. Khemani, M.M. Srivastava, and S. Srivastava. 2012. 69-72.
44.    alkaloidal, M.b.-b.u.p.l.c.q.t.-o.-f.m.s.f.t.i.o.n.f.-k.B.i.a.b.a.r.a.i.a., et al., Journal of Chromatography B-Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2012. 908: p. 98-104.
45.    Bioactivity-based liquid chromatography-coupled electrospray ionization tandem ion trap/time of flight mass spectrometry for beta(2)AR agonist identification in alkaloidal extract of Alstonia scholaris Hou, Y.Y., et al., Journal of Chromatography A, 2012. 1227: p. 203-209.
46.    Bioguided isolation of pentacyclic triterpenes from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R. Br. growing in Egypt El-Askary, H.I., et al., Natural Product Research, 2012. 26(18): p. 1755-1758.
47.    Alstonia scholaris R. Br. and Cassia siamea Lamk as possible biomonitors of lead and cadmium in the polluted environment of Karachi city, P.S., M., et al., Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality-Angewandte Botanik, 2011. 84(1): p. 95-101.
48.    RADIO-RESPONSE TO LEUCOCYTES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD OF MICE AGAINST GAMMA IRRADIATION AND THEIR PROTECTION BY ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS EXTRACT Gupta, U., R. Chaudhary, and P.K. Goyal, Nuclear Technology & Radiation Protection, 2011. 26(2): p. 126-133.
49.    Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Alstonia scholaris Linn Bark in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats Bandawane, D., A. Juvekar, and M. Juvekar, Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 2011. 45(2): p. 114-120.
50.    Anti-arthritic and antioxidant activity of leaves of Alstonia scholaris Linn. R.Br Arulmozhi, S., et al., European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2011. 3(2): p. E83-E90.
51.    Phytochemical Studies on Alstonia scholaris Sultana, N. and M. Saleem, Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section B-a Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2010. 65(2): p. 203-210.
52.    Pharmacological evaluation of Alstonia scholaris: Anti-tussive, a.-a.a.e.a.S., J. H., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010. 129(3): p. 293-298.
53.    Pharmacological evaluation of Alstonia scholaris: Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects Shang, J.H., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2010. 129(2): p. 174-181.
54.    Antidiarrhoeal and Spasmolytic Activities of the Methanolic Crude Extract of Alstonia scholaris L. are mediated through Calcium Channel Blockade Shah, A.J., et al., Phytotherapy Research, 2010. 24(1): p. 28-32.
55.    DIVERSITY AND SCREENING FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI FROM ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS Mahapatra, S. and D. Banerjee, Acta Microbiologica Et Immunologica Hungarica, 2010. 57(3): p. 215-223.
56.    PARTHENIUM MANAGEMENT THROUGH AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS Javaid, A., et al., Pakistan Journal of Botany, 2010. 42(5): p. 3651-3657.
57.    Protective Effect of Alstonia scholaris Against Radiation-Induced Clastogenic and Biochemical Alterations in Mice Jahan, S. and P.K. Goyal, Journal of Environmental Pathology Toxicology and Oncology, 2010. 29(2): p. 101-111.
58.    Post-treatment effects of Alstonia scholaris extract against radiation-induced biochemical alterations in Swiss albino mice Gupta, U., R. Chaudhary, and P.K. Goyal, Iranian Journal of Radiation Research, 2010. 8(3): p. 169-177.
59.    Novel Alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris Cai, X.H., et al., Zeitschrift Fur Naturforschung Section B-a Journal of Chemical Sciences, 2010. 65(9): p. 1164-1168.
60.    Perfumery components of two Indian flowers Artabotrys odoratissimus and Alstonia scholaris having an unusual floral tone Bhattacharyya, T.D., M. Ghosh, and R.L. Brahmachary, Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2010. 87(10): p. 1235-1240.
61.    Alstonia scholaris Linn R Br in the Treatment and Prevention of Cancer: Past, P., and Future Baliga, M. S., Integrative Cancer Therapies, 2010. 9(3): p. 261-269.
62.    Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity of leaves of Alstonia scholaris Linn. R.Br Arulmozhi, S., et al., European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2010. 2(1): p. 23-32.
63.    Speciation Analysis of Eight Metal Elements in the Leaves of Alstonia Scholaris by Flame Atomic Adsorption Spectrometry Ye, Y.Q., et al., Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2009. 29(12): p. 3416-3419.
64.    Alstonic acids A and B, u., 3-secofernane triterpenoids from Alstonia scholaris Wang, F., F.C. Ren, and J.K. Liu, Phytochemistry, 2009. 70(5): p. 650-654.
65.    Planar Optical Waveguide Evanescent Wave CO2 Sensor Based on a Clad of Alstonia Scholaris Leaf Extract Vijayan, A., et al., Ieee Sensors Journal, 2009. 9(1-2): p. 13-19.
66.    An ethanol extract from Alstonia scholaris is a potent irritation inhibitor in human skins Lee, S.J., et al., Planta Medica, 2009. 75(9): p. 898-899.
67.    Effect of Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R.Br. on stress and cognition in mice Kulkarni, M.P. and A.R. Juvekar, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 2009. 47(1): p. 47-52.
68.    Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of leaves of Alstonia scholaris R. Br Khyade, M.S. and N.P. Vaikos, African Journal of Biotechnology, 2009. 8(22): p. 6434-6436.
69.    Alkaloids of Alstonia scholaris Jain, L., et al., Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2009. 86(7): p. 758-760.
70.    A new indole alkaloid from Alstonia scholaris Jain, L., et al., Natural Product Research, 2009. 23(17): p. 1599-1602.
71.    Anticancer Activity of an Indian Medicinal Plant, A.s., on Skin Carcinogenesis in Mice Jahan, S., R. Chaudhary, and P.K. Goyal, Integrative Cancer Therapies, 2009. 8(3): p. 273-279.
72.    INDOLE ALKALOIDS FROM THE LEAVES OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS Hirasawa, Y., et al., Heterocycles, 2009. 79: p. 1107-1112.
73.    Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids from the Bark of Alstonia scholaris Feng, T., et al., Planta Medica, 2009. 75(14): p. 1537-1541.
74.    Alstonoside, a.s.g.f.A.s.T., P. S., et al., Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 2008. 47(8): p. 1298-1302.
75.    Antihyperglycemic activity of Alstonia scholaris R. Br. leaf extract in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, t.r.o.u.a.S., P. G. and K. Mangaonkar, Planta Medica, 2008. 74(3): p. 345-345.
76.    Activity of the Extracts and Indole Alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H(37)Rv Macabeo, A.P.G., et al., Philippine Agricultural Scientist, 2008. 91(3): p. 348-351.
77.    Phytochemical constituents of root bark of Alstonia scholaris. R. Br Hemalatha, K., D. Satyanarayana, and E.V.S. Subrahmanyam, Asian Journal of Chemistry, 2008. 20(7): p. 5405-5408.
78.    Amelioration of radiation-induced hematological and biochemical alterations by Alstonia scholaris (a medicinal plant) extract Gupta, U., et al., Integrative Cancer Therapies, 2008. 7(3): p. 155-161.
79.    Iridoids from the Bark of Alstonia scholaris Feng, T., et al., Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2008. 91(12): p. 2247-2251.
80.    Antibacterial Activity Studies and Phytochemical Screening on the Methanol Extract of Alstonia Scholaris R. Br Deepthi, S.R., R. Remya, and V. Thankamani, Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2008. 3(4): p. 40-43.
81.    A cage-monoterpene indole alkaloid from Alstonia scholaris Cai, X.H., et al., Organic Letters, 2008. 10(4): p. 577-580.
82.    Pharmacokinetic analysis of ursolic acid in Alstonia scholaris R. Br. by high-performance thin-layer chromatography Shetty, P.G., et al., Jpc-Journal of Planar Chromatography-Modern Tlc, 2007. 20(2): p. 117-120.
83.    HPTLC determination of ursolic acid in Alstonia scholaris R. Br Shetty, P., K. Mangaonkar, and R.T. Sane, Jpc-Journal of Planar Chromatography-Modern Tlc, 2007. 20(1): p. 65-68.
84.    alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors from Devil tree (Alstonia scholaris) Jong-Anurakkun, N., M.R. Bhandari, and J. Kawabata, Food Chemistry, 2007. 103(4): p. 1319-1323.
85.    Unique monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris Cai, X.H., Z.Z. Du, and X.D. Luo, Organic Letters, 2007. 9(9): p. 1817-1820.
86.    Evaluation of anticancer activity of the alkaloid fraction of Alstonia scholaris (Sapthaparna) in vitro and in vivo Jagetia, G.C. and M.S. Baliga, Phytotherapy Research, 2006. 20(2): p. 103-109.
87.    Three new indole alkaloids from the leaves of Alstonia scholaris Zhou, H., et al., Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2005. 88(9): p. 2508-2512.
88.    Indole alkaloids from the leaves of Philippine Alstonia scholaris Macabeo, A.P.G., et al., Phytochemistry, 2005. 66(10): p. 1158-1162.
89.    The effect of seasonal variation on the antineoplastic activity of Alstonia scholaris R. Br. in HeLa cells Jagetia, G.C. and M.S. Baliga, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005. 96(1-2): p. 37-42.
90.    Evaluation of Alstonia scholaris leaves for broncho-vasodilatory activity Channa, S., et al., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2005. 97(3): p. 469-476.
91.    New indole alkaloids from the bark of Alstonia scholaris Salim, A.A., M.J. Garson, and D.J. Craik, Journal of Natural Products, 2004. 67(9): p. 1591-1594.
92.    Effect of Alstonia scholaris in enhancing the anticancer activity of berberine in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing mice Jagetia, G.C. and M.S. Baliga, Journal of Medicinal Food, 2004. 7(2): p. 235-244.
93.    The evaluation of the acute toxicity and long term safety of hydroalcoholic extract of Sapthaparna (Alstonia scholaris) in mice and rats Baliga, M.S., et al., Toxicology Letters, 2004. 151(2): p. 317-326.
94.    Antibacterial activity of Alstonia scholaris and Leea tetramera Khan, M.R., A.D. Omoloso, and M. Kihara, Fitoterapia, 2003. 74(7-8): p. 736-740.
95.    Effect of Sapthaparna (Alstonia scholaris Linn) in modulating the benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach carcinogenesis in mice Jagetia, G.C., M.S. Baliga, and P. Venkatesh, Toxicology Letters, 2003. 144(2): p. 183-193.
96.    Treatment with Alstonia scholaris enhances radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo Jagetia, G.C. and M.S. Baliga, Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals, 2003. 18(6): p. 917-929.
97.    Induction of developmental toxicity in mice treated with Alstonia scholaris (Sapthaparna) in utero Jagetia, G.C. and M.S. Baliga, Birth Defects Research Part B-Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology, 2003. 68(6): p. 472-478.
98.    Effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract on testicular function of Wistar rats Gupta, R.S., et al., Asian Journal of Andrology, 2002. 4(3): p. 175-178.
99.    Chemical composition of the volatile concentrate from the flowers of Vietnamese Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br, A.D., N. X., et al., Journal of Essential Oil Research, 2001. 13(6): p. 424-426.
100.    Immunostimulating effect of Pule (Alstonia scholaris L. R.Br., A.b.e.I., M. I., et al., Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, 2000. 23(2-4): p. 177-183.
101.    Effect of submersion and storage on the viability of seeds of pulai (Alstonia scholaris) Rayan and A. Priadjati. Iufro Seed Symposium 1998: Recalcitrant Seeds, Proceedings, ed. M. Marzalina, et al. 1999. 438-442.
102.    Regional differences of indole alkaloids in Alstonia scholaris and Alstonia macrophylla Yamauchi, T. and F. Abe, in Towards Natural Medicine Research in the 21st Century, H. Ageta, et al., Editors. 1998. p. 51-58.
103.    Histological changes in Lagerstroemia reginae and Alstonia scholaris exposed to air pollutants Jabeen, C. and S. Abraham, Journal of Environmental Biology, 1998. 19(1): p. 79-82.
104.    Alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris Kam, T.S., et al., Phytochemistry, 1997. 45(6): p. 1303-1305.
105.    The protective effect of Alstonia scholaris R Br on hepatotoxin-induced acute liver damage Lin, S.C., et al., American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 1996. 24(2): p. 153-164.
106.    RESISTANCE OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS PIT MEMBRANES TO DEGRADATION BY TUNNELING BACTERIA Singh, A., T. Nilsson, and G. Daniel, Holzforschung, 1995. 49(2): p. 95-98.
107.    ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS VESTURES ARE RESISTANT TO DEGRADATION BY TUNNELING BACTERIA Singh, A.P., T. Nilsson, and G.F. Daniel, Iawa Journal, 1993. 14(2): p. 119-126.
108.    ALKALOIDS FROM LEAVES AND BARK OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS IN THE PHILIPPINES Yamauchi, T., et al., Phytochemistry, 1990. 29(10): p. 3321-3325.
109.    ALSTONIA .3. ALKALOIDS FROM THE LEAVES OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS IN TAIWAN, T., INDONESIA AND THE PHILIPPINES Yamauchi, T., et al., Phytochemistry, 1990. 29(11): p. 3547-3552.
110.    MODE OF SECRETION IN THE COLLETERS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS (APOCYNACEAE) Thomas, V. and Y. Dave, Phyton-Annales Rei Botanicae, 1990. 30(2): p. 209-212.
111.    PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF EXTRACTS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS BARK FOR INVIVO ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY IN MICE Gandhi, M. and V.K. Vinayak, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 1990. 29(1): p. 51-57.
112.    CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS AND ANTIBIOTIC POTENTIAL OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS R BR BARK Vashi, I.G. and H.C. Patel, Comparative Physiology and Ecology, 1989. 14(1): p. 1-3.
113.    STUDIES ON THE CONSTITUENTS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS .1. ALSCHOMINE AND ISOALSCHOMINE, N.A.F.T.L.O.A.-S.A., F., et al., Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1989. 37(4): p. 887-890.
114.    THE STRUCTURE OF AN ALKALOID, P., FROM ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Ghosh, R., et al., Acta Crystallographica Section C-Crystal Structure Communications, 1988. 44: p. 2151-2154.
115.    ISOLATION OF 19, -.Z.-V.A., 20-E-VALLESAMINE FROM ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Attaurrahman,, et al., Heterocycles, 1987. 26(2): p. 413-419.
116.    INDOLE ALKALOIDS FROM ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Attaurrahman and K.A. Alvi, Phytochemistry, 1987. 26(7): p. 2139-2142.
117.    ISOLATION AND H-1/C-13-NMR STUDIES ON 19, -.D.-A.A.F.T.L.O.E.-C.A.A.-S.A., K.A. Alvi, and A. Muzaffar, Planta Medica, 1986(4): p. 325-326.
118.    DETERMINATE BRANCH DEVELOPMENT IN ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS (APOCYNACEAE) - THE PLAGIOTROPIC MODULE Mueller, R.J., American Journal of Botany, 1985. 72(9): p. 1435-1444.
119.    ISOOKANIN-7-O-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSIDE, A.N.F.G.F.T.R.O.A.-S.R.-B.C., J. S., R. Chaturvedi, and S. Kumar, Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 1985. 24(2): p. 219-219.
120.    SCHOLARICINE, A.A.F.A.-S.A., et al., Phytochemistry, 1985. 24(11): p. 2771-2773.
121.    (-)-SCHOLARINE AND (+)-LOCHNERIDINE CONSTITUENTS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS R BR (APOCYNACEAE) Banerji, J., R. Mustafi, and D.J. Roy, Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 1984. 23(5): p. 455-455.
122.    CONSTITUENTS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS R BR - CONVERSION OF PICRININE INTO STRICTAMINE AND TO A PYRROLIDINOINDOLENINE SYSTEM Banerji, J. and R. Chakrabarti, Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 1984. 23(5): p. 453-454.
123.    SCHOLARINE - AN INDOLE ALKALOID OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Banerji, A. and A.K. Siddhanta, Phytochemistry, 1981. 20(3): p. 540-542.
124.    NEURO-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON STRICTAMINE ISOLATED FROM ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Bhattacharya, S.K., et al., Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 1979. 17(6): p. 598-600.
125.    ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS - STRUCTURE OF INDOLE ALKALOID NARELINE Morita, Y., et al., Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1977. 60(4): p. 1419-1434.
126.    CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF FLOWERS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Dhar, D.N., S.C. Suri, and P. Dwivedi, Planta Medica, 1977. 31(1): p. 32-34.
127.    ISOLATION OF PSEUDO-AKUAMMIGINE FROM LEAVES OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS-R-BR Banerji, A. and J. Banerji, Indian Journal of Chemistry Section B-Organic Chemistry Including Medicinal Chemistry, 1977. 15(4): p. 390-391.
128.    FLOWER ALKALOIDS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS Dutta, S.C., S.K. Bhattacharya, and A.B. Ray, Planta Medica, 1976. 30(1): p. 86-89.
129.    ALKALOIDS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS FROM THAILAND Boonchuay, W. and W.E. Court, Planta Medica, 1976. 29(4): p. 380-390.
130.    MINOR ALKALOIDS OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS ROOT Boonchuay, W. and W.E. Court, Phytochemistry, 1976. 15(5): p. 821-821.
131.    PAROTIS MARGINATA ON ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS IN FOREST NURSERIES Ahmed, S. and O. Zethner, Fao Plant Protection Bulletin, 1974. 22(2): p. 48-50.
132.    STUDIES IN MEDICINAL PLANTS .4. PICRALINAL - A KEY ALKALOID OF PICRALIMA GROUP FROM ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS R BR Rastogi, R.C., R.S. Kapil, and S.P. Popli, Experientia, 1970. 26(10): p. 1056-&.
133.    OCCURRENCE OF RHAZINE IN ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS RBR - BIOGENETIC AND CHEMOTAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CO-OCCURRENCE OF SEVERAL INDOLE ALKALOIDS HAVING A COMMON STRUCTURAL PATTERN Chatterjee, A., et al., Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 1969. 46(7): p. 635-+.
134.    NEUTRAL CONSTITUENTS OF ROOT AND ROOT-BARK OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS R BR Talapatr.Sk, et al., Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 1968. 45(12): p. 1183-&.
135.    ALKALOID OF LEAVES OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS R BR Chatterjee, A., et al., Tetrahedron Letters, 1965(41): p. 3633-+.
136.    ECHITAMINE, T.M.A.O.A.-S.R.B.G., S. and S.G. Majumder, Chemistry & Industry, 1960(1): p. 19-20.
137.    ECHITAMINE, T.M.A.O.A.-S.R.C., A., S. Ghosal, and S.G. Majumdar, Chemistry & Industry, 1960(10): p. 265-266.
138.    TRITERPENES OF ALSTONIA-SCHOLARIS (DITA-BARK) Chakravarti, D., R.N. Chakravarti, and R. Ghose, Experientia, 1957. 13(7): p. 277-277.

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